枸杞产地的小波变换红外光谱的聚类分析鉴别

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对不同枸杞样品产地进行鉴别.常规预处理方法和小波变换对红外光谱原始数据进行了预处理.对比常用的窗口移动平滑预处理、标准正态变换以及多元散射校正,说明小波变换是一种有效实用的光谱预处理方法.对已预处理后的红外光谱数据进行主成分分析和聚类分析,结果 18份枸杞样品聚为主产地和非主产地两大类,取得了较满意的分类效果.这种红外光谱技术结合聚类分析法被证明是可靠的,可作为枸杞产域鉴别的一种现代化方法.     

拉曼雷达测量大气二氧化碳浓度回波信号误差分析

拉曼雷达探测二氧化碳的后向散射回波信号十分微弱,有效分析信号的误差非常重要. 从理论上分析了拉曼激光雷达探测二氧化碳气体的回波信号误差的计算方法,推导计算了二氧化碳浓度信号的混合比,得到了影响信号误差的3种因素,并对各因素进行了理论计算,从实验上对信号误差进行了数据验证. 将理论值与实验数据进行对比,确定信号采集过程中造成的数据误差小于10%,并随距离的增加而增加;大气透过率相对函数的误差约为2%;标定常数的误差小于5%.      

激光诱导铅等离子体的自吸收时空分辨特性研究

利用一价铅离子谱线和原子谱线,在延迟时间0-360 ns内对铅等离子体自吸收的时空特性进行了研究.通过改变靶材距离及观察不同的延迟时间,发现铅等离子体不同的特征谱线的自吸收行为存在很大不同.从实验图像中可明显的看出,等离子体形成初期,铅离子和铅原子表现出不同的线型的变化.铅离子（220.26nm）出现了红移,而铅原子（280.20 nm）出现了蓝移.靶材距离焦点位置不同时,不同的特征谱线,不仅自吸收持续时间不同,而且自蚀最强点出现的时间点也不一样.所以在利用某特征谱线进行定量分析时,若选择合适的延迟时间和靶材位置,可有效地减小或削弱自吸收的影响.笔者还对铅等离子体不同特征谱线自吸收行为进行了解释.     

Influence of the amplitude ratio between two terahertz pulses on two-dimensional spectroscopy

The influence of the amplitude ratio between the two THz pulses on two-dimension THz spectroscopy （2DTS） has been studied theoretically via a classical method in which the expressions for the second-order nonlinearity were derived using perturbation approach, and the THz pulses were not treated as a delta function. Three types of nonlinear sources i.e., anharmonicity, nonlinear damping, and nonlinear coupling, are considered in a single mode system. The simulation results demonstrated that the amplitude ratio had a notable influence on the 2DTSs, and different sources have different influences. This study is promising for guiding future experiments.     

Characterization of cocrystals formed by grinding amino acids through terahertz time-domain spectroscopy

In this paper,we used terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)over a range of 0.3–2.5 THz to investigate the formation of solid-state cocrystals of amino acids,formed by grinding mixtures of two different kinds of amino acids.For comparison,we prepared dual-layer samples,combined by pressing two single-component pellets together without grinding.In the ground-mixture samples,some extra absorption peaks appeared,different from the characteristic peaks of the pure components,but these peaks did not appear in the dual-layer samples.Thus,these extra absorption peaks in the THz range are unique features of cocrystals.From our results,we believe that THz-TDS is a promising technique to characterize cocrystals.     

High-energy ion treatments of amorphous As40Se60 thin films for optical applic ations

The treatment of 100 MeV Ag swift-heavy ion(SHI) irradiation with five different fluences(3 1010, 1 1011, 3 1011, 1 1012, and3 1012ions/cm2) was used to design optical and structural properties of amorphous(a-) As40Se60 chalcogenide thin films. Swanepoel method was applied on transmission measurements to determine the changes in optical bandgap, Tauc parameter and linear optical parameters, i.e., linear optical absorption, extinction coefficient and linear refractive index. Dispersion of the material was determined by Wemple–DiDomenico relation.Changes in nonlinear optical parameters of third-order optical susceptibility and nonlinear refractive index were determined using semi-empirical relations. Changes in surface morphology of the films were investigated using SEM observation, which indicated that fluence 3 1012ions/cm2was upper threshold limit for these films for ion treatment. It is observed that optical bandgap reduces from 1.76 eV to 1.64 eV, and nonlinear refractive index increases from 1.31 10 10[esu] to 1.74 10 10[esu]. Linear refractive index initially increases from 2.80 to 3.52(for fluence3 1010ions/cm2) and then keeps decreasing. The observed changes in optical properties upon irradiation were explained in terms of structural rearrangements by Raman measurement. The study was compiled with the previous literature to propose SHI as an effective optical engineering technique to achieve desired changes according to the need of optical/photonic applications.     

Ce1-xLaxO2-δ（x=0.05-0.50）固溶体的合成与性质研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了固溶体Ce1-xLaxO2-δ,通过粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、原子力显微镜（AFM）、Raman谱和交流阻抗谱系统研究了固溶体Ce1-xLaxO2-δ的结构和输运性质.X射线衍射表明,在0.05≤x≤0.50时,形成了单相立方萤石结构固溶体;Raman光谱测试表明,固溶体中氧缺位含量随掺杂量增加而增大;阻抗谱分析表明,低价稀土离子掺杂使固溶体Ce1-xLaxO2-δ的导电率得到很大提高,x=0.10时导电率达到最大值σ700℃=3.84×10^-2S/cm,σ800℃=8.21×10^-2S/cm,导电活化能为Ea=0.73 eV.     

近红外光谱分析技术在鸡肉分类检测中的应用

针对近年来市场上不同品种不同级别的鸡肉混杂、以次充好现象,提出一种可以快速、准确判别土鸡和肉鸡的新方法.采用近红外光谱技术和聚类分析技术建立鸡肉分类判别模型,并讨论了不同预处理方法对模型预测结果的影响.结果显示:近红外光谱技术结合聚类分析技术能够对鸡肉建立一种快速的分类判别模型,该预测判别模型能够快速准确地对土鸡和肉鸡进行判别,其中数据经过二阶导数+矢量归一化后的模型预测判别率达100%.     

拉曼光谱和近红外光谱在小麦粉品质定量分析中的应用

应用拉曼光谱分析技术结合最小二乘法,应用近红外光谱技术结合偏最小二乘法,以及现有的小麦粉光谱数据,对小麦粉进行采集光谱信息,选择最优的光谱预处理方法,分别建立了水分、灰分、面筋的定量模型,并验证了模型的可行性.实验分析表明,近红外光谱技术建立的模型比拉曼光谱分析技术建立的模型效果要好.     

红外光谱法定性分析三元乙丙橡胶的制样方法探讨

分别采用三种方法制备三元乙丙橡胶制品试样,并用红外光谱法对其定性分析.结果表明,相比硫化胶溶解制膜法,用溶剂抽提后裂解制样和直接裂解制样法制备的试样进行红外光谱分析均能得到与GB/T7764-2001《橡胶鉴定红外光谱法》吻合的标准.从实验的经济快速考虑,可以采用直接裂解制样法定性分析三元乙丙橡胶制品,且分析结果可靠.